Covid 19 and Virtual Learning on Academic Performance of Secondary Student
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The aim of this study is focused on three main fold:
- To examine the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on Education.
- To examine the impact of virtual learning on academic performance.
- To determine the extent to which Covid-19 and Virtual Learning has impacted students’ academic performance.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
In the recent time, the research on exploring students’ perception and their expectation from e-learning has been on surge. “National Center for Education Statistics” has reported the growing requirement of e-learning due to its increasing acceptance recently. Several studies indicate that most of the students enrolled in online courses are satisfied with the mode of learning. However, studies also reveal that perceptions of learners are affected by a host of factors. Factors such as age, gender, prior knowledge of computer literacy and learning styles of individual are the vital predictors of technology acceptance by students. There exists ample literature which discusses the theories of “technology acceptance” to study students’ perception. Country-wise research in the area as listed are contributed by Australia, United States and in the United Kingdom. These studies confirm that a majority of learners have their own internet enabled devices such as personal computers and mobile phones. They are using these digital devices for communication over formal and informal platforms of networking such as emails, blogging, etc. This study is based on the students’ expertise, expectation and perception of e-learning. Relevant literature is consulted to find the possible answers particularly in the area of users’ perception towards innovation. “Theory of diffusion of innovations” is so far is one of the most relevant theories used for the study of technology adoption in higher education. Roger has defined users’ perception of innovation immensely affects its adoption by them. The perception of relative advantage, the degree to which the innovation is perceived as better one than the compared product, compatibility, consistency with current value set up, past behaviour and experience of innovation recipients, the extent of complexities associated in understanding and making use of innovation. As per “Technology Acceptance Model”, two most important determining factors for technology acceptance are perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. The study investigated the relationships among course structure/organization, learner interaction, student engagement, and instructor presence on student satisfaction and perceived learning in the online learning environments. This study indicated a significant relationship between course structure and perceived student learning.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine Covid 19 and virtual learning on academic performance of secondary student. Staff of selected secondary schools in Victoria Island, Lagos form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
TEST OF HYPOTHESIS
H0: Covid-19 and Virtual learning does not have any positive significant impact on academic performance of student
H1: Covid-19 and Virtual learning has a significant positive impact on academic performance of student
H0: there is no effect of Covid-19 pandemic on Education.
H: there is effect of Covid-19 pandemic on Education.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Covid 19 and virtual learning on academic performance of secondary student. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of Covid 19 and virtual learning on academic performance of secondary student
Summary
This study was on Covid 19 and virtual learning on academic performance of secondary student. Three objectives were raised which included: To examine the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on Education, to examine the impact of virtual learning on academic performance and to determine the extent to which Covid-19 and Virtual Learning has impacted students’ academic performance. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from staffs of selected secondary schools in Victoria Island, Lagos. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The synchronized e-learning was the panacea at the time of the pandemic. However, it negatively influenced the learners’ performance and learning outcomes. The study found out that learners encountered difficulties in accessing the Blackboard platform. About 30% of learners missed the classes and other tasks using Blackboard, and they shifted to alternative applications during online learning. The study reveals that the major challenges encountered by learners in online learning were technical issues. Some learners faced internet connectivity problems, accessing classes, and downloading courses’ materials problems. Online exams could not be opened on learners’ mobile phones. Regarding language communication issues, learners could not effectively interact with teachers during virtual classes of skills, as revealed in learners’ responses to open-ended questions. learners’ satisfaction with online learning is low less than satisfied with online learning, whereas learners are not satisfied with online learning, and of learners are not fully supporting continuing online education if there is no crisis
Recommendation
Necessary measures should be adopted for improving the quality of E-learning to help with better learning of students during the phase of Covid-19 pandemic.
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