Effectiveness of Communication Methods in Mobilizing People for Polio Immunization
CHAPTER ONE
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The objective of the Polio Immunization is to eradicate the disease from every citizens of every class. However, there is the challenge of educating the citizens and getting them to get their children vaccinated. The fundamental way to carry out these tasks is through effective communication.
The study objective is to evaluate current methods used in disseminating information about Polio immunization.
- To find out the level of awareness about polio vaccine among people of Isale Osun.
- To identify the communication channels through which the people of Isale Osun receive information about polio vaccine.
- To investigate the effectiveness of the communication channels on the behavior of Isale Osun people to polio vaccine administrations.
CHAPTER TWO.
LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
INTRODUCTION
The world over vaccination has been acclaimed to be one of the most impactful public health achievements of our century it is acclaimed to be a worthwhile and cost-effective public health measure (CDC, 1999.). Over three million children related mortalities worldwide are reportedly are said to be prevented each year through vaccination (WHO, 2014.).
However, notwithstanding these momentous benefits, childhood vaccination programs face numerous challenges including low and stagnant coverage levels, underutilization of vaccine services, inadequate sustainable financing, and misleading information on vaccination and its effects (Obregon et al, 2009.)
Nigeria has one of the highest rates of under-five mortality in the world and vaccine-preventable diseases account for approximately 22% of child deaths in the country (Andre et al, 2008.) Although Nigeria has recorded an increase vaccination rates have increased in the last decade, still about 48% of eligible children in Southern Nigeria were not fully vaccinated in 2013 , and in the North, even fewer children were fully vaccinated(NDHS, 2013.) These abysmally low rates have been traced in part to vaccine hesitancy, a behavior influenced by a number of factors, including; a lack of trust in the vaccine or the provider, people not perceiving a need for or not valuing the vaccine, poor access, lack of knowledge, rumors, religious beliefs, illiteracy, and other social and political factors (Muno, 2015.)
Effective communication strategies may be able to eliminate some of these problems by making more people aware of the benefits of immunization; correcting false beliefs, rumors, or concerns that prevent people from getting immunized; and informing people where and when to get immunized, thereby potentially increasing vaccination rates (Waisbord, 2005.).
Communication is defined as the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium, it has also been defined as means of sending or receiving information, such as telephone lines or computers. A thing is said to be effective when it is successful in producing a desired or intended result, therefore we can say that effective communication is communication is, the successful the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. A successful communication intervention can therefore be described as a purposeful, structured, repeatable, and adaptable strategy to inform and influence community decisions to personal and public health participation, disease prevention and promotion, policy making, service improvement, and research.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to examine the Problem of extended family system on the academic performance of students.
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
- Primary source and
- Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA
One hundred and sixty (160) questionnaires were distributed and one hundred and forty (133) were returned. This figure was the sample size. Out of the one hundred and thirty-three, only one hundred and twenty (120) were properly responded to. As a result, the researcher used one hundred and twenty for this study when more than 50% of the respondents agree to the questions, the answer is taken as valid for the purpose of this study. In analyzing the data, the approach that will be adopted is to find out the percentage and positive and negative answers to the question posed.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on Effectiveness of communication methods in mobilizing people for polio immunization. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of effectiveness of communication methods in mobilizing people for polio immunization
Summary
This study was on Effectiveness of communication methods in mobilizing people for polio immunization. Four objectives were raised which included: To find out the level of awareness about polio vaccine among people of Isale Osun, to identify the communication channels through which the people of Isale Osun receive information about polio vaccine and to investigate the effectiveness of the communication channels on the behavior of Isale Osun people to polio vaccine administrations. In line with these objectives, five research questions were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 residents of Isale Osun. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made married men, married women, nursing mothers and youths were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
It may be concluded that immunization days were used to quickly assess the immunization coverage among children. The findings suggest that the immunization status of rural has improved but there is a room for improvement. The main thrust at this stage should be to revitalize activities so as to increase community awareness. The challenge however is that children of women without education, that are poor in the rural area and in the middle class in the urban area, were not fully immunized, thus affecting the immunization in rural area.
Recommendation
Behaviour change communication (BCC) activities should be an integral part of your planned immunization strategy; the planning process involves a communication needs assessment, the definition of communication objectives, strategies and activities, implementation, and assessment of outcomes through monitoring and evaluation.
References
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