The Benefit and Constraints of Adult Education Programmes in Prison
CHAPTER ONE
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain the significant relationship between the various adult education programmes in Oko-Prison bring an effect to the available manpower
- To ascertain the significant relationship between the runnings of the various adult education programmes in Oko Prison affects the adequate provision of books.
- To ascertain the benefit of adult education programme in prison
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
EDUCATION AND CRIME
United Nations declaration of human rights in 1948 states that everyone has right to education and Nigeria strongly endorsed this declaration in 1976; and as one of the goals in National Policy on Education (2004) which is geared towards full integration of the individual into the community and the provision of equal access to educational opportunities for all citizens of the country both inside and outside the formal school system (Mango, 2006). Although Nigeria is willing to provide education for all, achieving education for all for children, young people, prison inmates and adults is an enormous task and challenge facing the least developed countries of the world in the 21st Century. However, Yakubu (2002), citing Knowles (1970), asserts that only adult and non formal education has the capability and is equipped to inculcate attitudinal behaviour through its andragogical mandate and procedures into the people. This is also noted in the National Policy on Education (2004), as stipulated under Article 31, section 6 that adult and non formal education encourages all forms of functional education given to youths and adults outside the formal school system such as functional literacy, remedial and vocational education. It has been argued that one of the major areas that require innovations and reforms in order to achieve measurable improvement in the lives of poor is the provision of education for prisons inmates. Education here includes acquisition of literacy skill which implies the acquisition of any degree of formal education whether Arabic or western and some degree of proficiency in reading and writing. Educational or Vocational training is an essential instrument for social and attitudinal change in prisons, which provides skills for inmates to become more useful to themselves on discharge and afford them the opportunity to rediscovering their self respect and dignity. According to World Bank (2003), education in the prison should be centered on the needs of the individuals’ prison inmates, for whom it can hold the key to living without crimes by building self- esteem, self confidence and providing new opportunities after release.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to the benefit and constraints of adult education programmes in prison
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
Question 1
Gender distribution of the respondents.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the benefit and constraints of adult education programmes in prison
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of the the benefit and constraints of adult education programmes in prison
Summary
This study was on the benefit and constraints of adult education programmes in prison. Three objectives were raised which included; To ascertain the significant relationship between the various adult education programmes in Oko-Prison bring an effect to the available manpower, to ascertain the significant relationship between the runnings of the various adult education programmes in Oko Prison affects the adequate provision of books, to ascertain the benefit of adult education programme in prison. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 Oko Prison Benin City, Edo State was selected randomly. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up warder1, warder11, senior officers and junior officers were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
Prison institutions are aimed at providing, among other things, opportunities for prison inmates to be rehabilitated and re-integrated into the society from where they had been convicted. From the research findings, it is expected that rehabilitation programmes would change the prison inmates into law-abiding citizens and keep them off crimes on discharge. Similarly, the findings revealed that the nation’s prison cells, are overflowing with illiterate inmates in whom they need specific skills such as vocational and functional adult education programme to transform them into law-abiding and self-reliant citizens in order to live a productive life and contribute to the development of the nation
Recommendation
Therefore, all hands must be on deck to improve the nation’s prisons which would have well equipped Directorate of Education to cater for the technical and vocational needs of the inmates.
REFERENCES
- Bagudo, A.A. (2006) Philosophical Foundations of Education. Saniez Books.
- Duguid S. (1981) Prison Education and Criminal Choice: The Context of Decision Making, In: Morin L. (Ed) On Prison Education, Ottawa: Canadian Government Publishing Centre.
- Evawoma-Enuku, U. (2006) The Inhumane Criminal Justice in Nigeria Academic journal (browsing)
- Evawoma-Enuku, U. (2001) Humanizing the Nigeria in Prison through Literacy Education: Echoes from Afar: JCE Vol. 52, issue 1. www.nwlincs.org/correctional__education pages 18-22.
- Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004) National Policy on Education (4th ed) Lagos: NRDC Press.
- Hassan M.A (2009) Financing Adult and non-formal Education in Nigeria. Educational Research and Reviews Vol.4 (4) 195-203, April. www.academicjournal.org/ERR