The Effects of Ownership on Professionalism in the Broadcast Industries
CHAPTER ONE
Objectives of the Study
This research is up to achieve the following objectives:
- To find out the effects of ownership or leadership on professionalism in broadcasting in OSBC and AIT
- To find out whether news covered (coverage) is people’s interest oriented or owner’s interest
- To ascertain the effects of gate keepers on professionalism in broadcasting.
- To try to make suggestions in likely areas of recommendation and improvement.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Review of Concept
The concept of mass communication:
Mass communication takes place through so many channels these varieties of channels are called the mass media are simply put as the major gateway through which large number of people received information, entertainment, simultaneously. Mass communication is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically envision and designed to reach a very large audience such as population or nation. According to Bittner (2005: 10), the media are specifically designed to reach a large audience. The term was got in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio network, mass circulation newspaper and magazines. Some form of mass media such as books and manuscripts had already been in use for centuries. Mass media include television, radio, newspaper and internet media (like blogs, message boards, podcasts and video sharing) because individuals now have a means to exposure that is comparable in scale to that previously restricted to a group of mass media producers. The media is able to reach large number of peopJe simultaneously.
Electronic Media
The electronic media is that institutional structure that fosters the rapid tr4ansmission of standardized information to as relatively large audience though a mechanized channels. The eJectronic media can be sub-divided into radio, TV, the internet etc. the electronic media (i.e. radio, TV and the internet) play so many functions in the society, in little time as against other forms of communication (Bauran 2003).
The OSBC (Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria)
The OSBC Osun is Nigerians publicly funded radio broadcasting organizations amongst its subsidiaries are thes domestic radio network known as Nigeria and voice of Nigeria international radio services. OSBC is believed to be the central in the overall development in the society. This suggest that OSBC relevant in power distribution and catching over the extent at which such power positively or negatively has impact on people. OSBC transmits ideas, information, entertainment to the targeted audience; it shows that OSBC is responsible for most adjustment in the behavioral patterns of people in the society.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHEODOLOGY
Research Design
The design used for this study is survey research design. Survey design techniques are used to gather contemporary data either by direct measurement or by solution from others.
According to Ogili (2005), Survey is a form of descriptive research that studies both large and small population for the study. It studies a group of people, considered to be representative of the entire group. The research instrument employed in this study were questionnaires which were used in preference to other survey techniques.
Population of the study
Population of study according to Ogili (2005:53) “involves a group of persons or aggregate items, things the researcher is interested in getting information from the study”. The population of the study is the reporters/journalist of Federal broadcasting Corporation I Osun, as they are the once that cover the new3s. the population is made up of the entire journalist in OSBC, with the total number of 450.
Sample size and sampling techniques
A sample is a representative of the whole population. Osuala (1982), sampling is taken to any proportion of a population as a representative of that population.
Ogili (2005:54) says that; sample is the actual number of or part of the study of population that is objectively selected for the purpose. Sampling is necessary because the entire population cannot be studied as it may be too large and cannot be controlled.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION
The table above shows that 20 respondents, representing 16.7% are ‘0’ level holders, 30 or 25% are OND/GCE/NCE holders, 40 or 33.3% are B.Sc. holders, 25 or 20.8% are M.Sc. holders, 5 respondents, representing 4.2% are Ph.d holders.
Testing of hypothesis
Ho: ownership or leadership does not have any influence on professionalism in broadcasting. Hi: ownership or leadership of a media house has influence on professionalism in broadcasting.
Table 4.2.1: To access that ownership or leadership of a media house has influence on professionalism in broadcasting.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
This research work was set to find the effects of ownership on professionalism in broadcasting, so in chapter one, the researcher was able to determine the effects of media ownership on all news coverage by existing factors that influence the coverage of news in any media organization in any society, with emphasis on Nigeria as a society, and on OSBC Osun’s news coverage.
In chapter two, a detailed literature review was undertaken by the researcher. The idea of ownership influence was thoroughly analyzed. To authenticate the study, theories like the social responsibility theory and Gramci’s theory of hegemony were used to give the study a solid background.
The third chapter of this study saw to the methodology used in gathering information for the study which happens to be the primary data collection which included the sharing of 140 questionnaires to randomly selected OSBC journalists.
In the fourth chapter, the data used for the research work was analyzed with the aid of simple percentage tables and the hypothesis tested using the chi-square method. It is clear to see from chapter one to chapter four that ownership of media houses be it private owned or government owned, influence their news coverage.
Conclusion
Radio is fully developed in Nigeria. Based on findings of the study, the following conclusions were reached: The research study has shown that government has influence on news coverage. It can be seen from the data gotten that 96.7% of the respondents say yes that the government or media owners have influence on OSBC’s news coverage and it could also9 be seen that 58.3% strongly agree that news coverage of OSBC Osun is owners interest oriented instead of public’s interest oriented.
Most owners restrict workers (reporters) under them from covering event that will put the media in to problem with the government, talking about private owners.
Higher technology will lead to higher standard of news gathering rather than low method of news gathering. The best brain cannot do much where there is no money and equipment.
Recommendations
From the research conducted, it clearly seen that OSBC needs to be properly funded so as to clear economic factor that hinders better news coverage. OSBC should also provide infrastructure (technological devices) that can help cover news easier and faster since even the best brain cannot do much where there is no money and equipment.
The radio owners should reduces the rate at which the put constraint on reporters who go out to source for news.
Journalist should be journalist of conscience and should perform their social responsibility regard less of situation.
Poor remuneration, poor performance. Workers or journalist should be well and properly trained so as to meet up with professional methods of covering events. i.e cover necessary items.
The government should interfere less in the running of the station and focus on subvention and overall performance of the station as a tool for national developments covering news that are people’s interest oriented instead of owner’s interest oriente
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