The Pattern of Alcohol Consumption Among Nursing Students in Selected School of Nursing
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To ascertain the quality of nursing life with alcohol consumption
- To ascertain nursing pattern of alcohol consumption
- To ascertain the effect of alcohol consumption on nursing career
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Theoretical Framework
Through the lens of alcohol myopia theory by Josephs and Steele (1990) which asserted that alcohol consumption impairs the cognitive functioning (that is, encoding, storage and retrieval of learned information) and causes disinhibition in an individual to act impulsively, university female students may have poor judgement to resist sexual advances made to them by male counterparts. On the other hand, social exchange theory pioneered by Homans (1958) and Emmerson (1976) posited that female students are most likely to sustain sexual relationships provided that the benefits outweigh the demands. Additionally, when this group of students are involved in sexual relationships characterized by social exchange theory and preferably “sugar daddies” or Mudhara in Shona language (Masvawure, 2010) financial provisions are presumed to strengthen the relationship, thus increases trust, liking, and intimate feelings for couples. Conversely, Taukeni (2015) contended that female students may find themselves being passive to male dominance and failing to negotiate safe sex.
Drinking motives
Alcohol use typically begins in early adolescence and increases sharply in late adolescence. Investigations on the role of cognition and emotions, as well as of expectancies associated with alcohol use, have identified different domains (e.g. social reinforcement, tension reduction). Four major categories of motives for drinking have been found. The distinction regards the valence of the expected effect (i.e. positive and negative), and the source of the motive (i.e. expectancies related to a collective /social experience, and to an introspective / emotional experience) The majority of adolescents indicates the pleasurable aspects of drinking, such as the enjoyable taste of alcohol, and its ability to make an individual feel good or high, as main reasons for drinking. Additionally, reasons of conformity, such as peer pressure, are addressed. Indeed, the first time adolescents try alcohol is usually with peers, and alcohol use could be the result of peer pressure for the adolescent to be accepted by the group. Adolescents report also enhancement motives. Adolescence is characterized not only by a high level of social interaction, but also by high sensation and novelty seeking, impulsiveness and risk taking behaviour. Enhancement motives might encompass reasons for drinking such as to get high, to try new things, to do something forbidden (minimum legal age law), and to take part in exciting activities that may be dangerous.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research design
The researcher used descriptive research survey design in building up this project work the choice of this research design was considered appropriate because of its advantages of identifying attributes of a large population from a group of individuals. The design was suitable for the study as the study sought to the pattern of alcohol consumption among nursing students in selected school of nursing
Sources of data collection
Data were collected from two main sources namely:
(i)Primary source and
(ii)Secondary source
Primary source:
These are materials of statistical investigation which were collected by the research for a particular purpose. They can be obtained through a survey, observation questionnaire or as experiment; the researcher has adopted the questionnaire method for this study.
Secondary source:
These are data from textbook Journal handset etc. they arise as byproducts of the same other purposes. Example administration, various other unpublished works and write ups were also used.
Population of the study
Population of a study is a group of persons or aggregate items or things. The researcher is interested in getting information the pattern of alcohol consumption among nursing students in selected school of nursing. 200 students of school of nursing, Calabar were selected randomly by the researcher as the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION ANALYSIS INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Introduction
Efforts will be made at this stage to present, analyze and interpret the data collected during the field survey. This presentation will be based on the responses from the completed questionnaires. The result of this exercise will be summarized in tabular forms for easy references and analysis. It will also show answers to questions relating to the research questions for this research study. The researcher employed simple percentage in the analysis.
DATA ANALYSIS
The data collected from the respondents were analyzed in tabular form with simple percentage for easy understanding.
A total of 133(one hundred and thirty three) questionnaires were distributed and 133 questionnaires were returned.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the pattern of alcohol consumption among nursing students in selected school of nursing. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of pattern of alcohol consumption among nursing students in selected school of nursing
Summary
This study was on the pattern of alcohol consumption among nursing students in selected school of nursing. Three objectives were raised which included: To ascertain the quality of nursing life with alcohol consumption, to ascertain nursing pattern of alcohol consumption and to ascertain the effect of alcohol consumption on nursing career. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 students of school of nursing, Calabar. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made final year students, year four students, year three students and year two students were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Conclusion
The nurses’ knowledge on the issues addressed in the questionnaire showed deficit; nurses subjected to a training course on alcohol and other drugs tended to have greater knowledge in some aspects, especially those related to patterns of alcohol use, acute intoxication and tolerance, while those without training performed better on questions related to the management and referral of people with symptoms suggestive of alcoholic addiction. The largest deficit found concern the knowledge in the recognition of complications of alcohol use, suggesting that continuing education courses in this area should emphasize these aspects, since complications are an important aspect of nursing practice, regardless of their place of action
Recommendation
It also draws attention to the need of conducting research to assess the risk and protective factors for the use of alcohol and other drugs, considering that are valuable for the planning and implementation of measures that corroborate for the reduction of the prevalence found.
References
- Nimtz MA, Tavares AMF, Maftum MA, Ferreira ACZ, Capistrano FC. Legal and labor impacts on chemichal dependets’ lives. Rev Eletrôn Saúde Mental Álcool Drog. 2016;12(2):68-74. doi: 10.11606/issn.1806-6976. v12i2p68-74 2.
- Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adahir-R, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2224–60. 3.
- World Health Organization (WHO). Alcohol. Geneva: WHO; 2015. 4.
- Nair JM, Nemeth LS, Sommers M, Newman S. Substance abuse policy among nursing students: a scoping review. J Addict Nurs. 2015;26(4)166-74. 5.
- Nair JM, Nemeth LS, Sommers M, Newman S, Amella E. Alcohol use, misuse, and abuse among nursing students: a photovoice study. J Addict Nurs. 2016;27(1):12-23.
- Gallassil AD, Alvarenga PG, Andrade AG, Couttolene BF. Custos dos problemas causados pelo abuso do álcool. Rev psiquiatr clín.2008; 35(1):25-30. 2.
- Silva LVR, Malbergier A, Stempliuk VA, Andrade AG. Fatores associados ao consumo de álcool e drogas entre estudantes universitários. Rev Saúde Pública 2006; 40(2):280-8. 3.