The Relationship Between Welfare Packages and Job Performance of English Language Teachers in Public Secondary Schools in Education
Chapter One
Purpose of the Study
The main focus of this study is to examine the influence of welfare packages on English teachers’ job performance. But specifically, the study will:
- Examine if adequate provision of teaching facilities will influence teachers’ job performance;
- Examine the influence of a conducive work environment on teachers’ job performance.
- Find out the role of regular payment of salaries on teachers’ job performance;
- assess the extent to which sponsorship of training programmes will influence teachers’ job performance;
- examine the influence of free health care services on teachers’ performance.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literature that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
Precisely, the chapter will be considered in three sub-headings:
- Conceptual Framework
- Theoretical Framework
- Empirical Review
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Nigerian Educational System
Education is a dynamic instrument that can be used to effect economic, political and social development of people and their societies [Alimba and Isah, 2007 in Mshelbila, 2012]. Mshelbila (2012) quoting Locihead and Verspour (1994), stated that education improves the productive capacity of societies and their political, economic and scientific institutions. The Nigerian education system over the years has witnessed various forms of distractions from the government and government policies resulting in inappropriate education and training of the populace. According to Araoye and Araoye (2011), Nigeria has toiled with some educational programs, which have only served as conduits to transfer money to the corrupt political leaders and their cronies. For instance, the nation launched the Universal Primary Education (UPE) in 1976, but as noted, the program failed due to lack of fund necessitated by corruption, among other factors. Nigeria has again embarked on another mass-oriented education program, the Universal Basic Education (UBE). In their observation, the then president, Olusegun Obasanjo, had affirmed during the inauguration of the UBE program and assured the Nigerian people, that it would not fail, but not long after that, the Federal government reported that the failing standard of education in Nigeria was caused by “acute shortage of qualified teachers in the primary school level with the report that about 23 percent of the over 400,000 teachers employed in the nation‟s primary schools do not possess the Teacher‟s Grade Two Certificate, and so the problem continues. As observed by Mshelbila (2012), the shortage of qualified teachers in some States and surplus of qualified teachers without jobs in other States could not be properly addressed. According to Owodunmi, Mohammed and Owodunmi (2012) in spite of all the efforts made by the Nigerian governments on the UBE programme aimed at providing free and compulsory basic education for every Nigerian child of school going age, the implementation of the programme is still being faced with a lot of challenges such as lack of qualified personnel, infrastructural facilities, instructional materials, gross inadequate teacher strength, poor condition of services for teachers, unstable political atmosphere, etc. The Nigerian educational system in the 21st century is highly characterized by lack of quality teaching materials, lack of adequate and uniform training and funding, corruption, student examination malpractice and strike actions and the likes resulting in low productivity in all its ramifications. Orji and Job (2013) observed that, educational policy decisions in Nigeria are highly political orders, directives and assertions bereft of synergy as the envisaged educational plans and objectives are being politically manipulated to suit the whims and caprices of policy formulators. Sadly also, Odinkalu (2013) reported that Nigeria ranks last (136th) of 136 countries surveyed by UNESCO with reference to public spending on education as a proportion of GDP. The proportion of public spending on education in Nigeria as a percentage of our GDP is 0.89% and that education expenditure as a proportion of Gross National Income (GNI) is not much better – 0.85% – or 167th out of 168 countries. Indeed, the policy environment for education as a generator of our national development needs a fresh look by all interested in the future of Nigeria. And as put by Araoye and Araoye (2011), given Nigeria‟s considerable resource and endowment and costal location, there is potential for strong growth as we undertake all measures to enhance productivity. This analysis, coupled with the various observations of the state of the nation‟s educational system and the noted measures of national productivity, clearly reveal that there is an urgent need to re-order the Nigerian educational system.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
Research Design
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e. mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
Population of the Study
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals, as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried out to examine the relationship between welfare packages and job performance of English language teachers in public secondary schools in education using Osisioma LGA, Abia State as a case study. Hence, the population of this study consist of some selected English language teachers in public secondary schools in Osisioma LGA, Abia State.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of fifty-three(53) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which fifty (50) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 50 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the relationship between welfare packages and job performance of English language teachers in public secondary schools in education using Osisioma LGA, Abia State as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
Summary of the Study
In this study, our focus was to examine the relationship between welfare packages and job performance of English language teachers in public secondary schools in education using Osisioma LGA, Abia State as a case study. The study was specifically carried out to examine if adequate provision of teaching facilities will influence teachers’ job performance; examine the influence of conducive work environment on teachers’ job performance; find out the role of regular payment of salaries on teachers’ job performance; assess the extent to which sponsorship of training programmes will influence teachers’ job performance; and examine the influence of free health care services on teachers’ performance.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 50 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent were some selected English language teachers in public secondary schools in Osisioma LGA, Abia State.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;
- Adequate provision of teaching facilities influence teachers’ job performance.
- Conducive work environment influence teachers’ job performance.
- Regular payment of salaries influence teachers’ job performance.
- The extent sponsorship of training programmes would influence teachers’ job performance is high.
- Provision of free health care services would influence teachers’ job performance.
Recommendations
The followings recommendations are hereby given as a result of the findings from the study:
- Teachers salaries should be paid regularly and promoted at right time by the government to improve their productivity.
- Government should provide organised medical/health insurance for the teachers to enhance their job performance.
- Pensions and retirement benefits should be paid regularly by the government to sustain their future conditions.
- The school managers and administrators should collaborate with the personnel management unit to improve personnel welfare function for their teachers’ productivity.
REFERENCES
- Akintunde, A.D. (2005). How to motivate workers to achieve higher productivity. Oyo State: Unpublished Business Studies Polytechnic Ibadan; 2005.
- Aldaibat, B.F. & Irtaimeh, H. (2012). The role of strategic human resource management at Jordanian Banking Sector through implementation total quality management (TQM). European Scientific Journal, 8(25), 45- 56.
- Anyadike, N.O. (2013). Human resource planning and employee productivity in Nigeria public organization. Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 1(4), 56-68.
- Armstrong, M. (2006). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice. 10th (ed). London;
- Armstrong, M.A. (2001). Handbook on personnel management practice. London: Kogan Page Ltd. Chandler, A.D. (1962). Strategy and structure. Cambridge: MIT Press.
- Awan, A.G., & Asghar, I. (2014). Impact of Employee Job Satisfaction on their Performance: A Case Banking Sector in Muzaffargarh District, Pakistan. Global Journal of Human Resource Management, 2(4), 71 – 94.
- Bamusananire, E. (2010). Human Needs Satisfaction and Teachers’ Performance in Secondary Schools in Gasabo District, Rwanda, Unpublished Masters of Education Degree, Makerere University.
- Chinwoh, K. (1989). Fringe benefits: Are you aware of all you are entitled to? Management in Nigeria, 25(2), 201-219.
- Damachi and T. Fashoyin (eds), Contemporary problems in Nigeria industrial relations. Lagos: Development Press Ltd.
