Assessment of Value Chain Information Sources in Pig Production in Edo and Delta States, Nigeria
CHAPTER ONE
Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to assess value chain information sources in pig production. Specific objectives include:
- To identify the major socio-economic characteristics of swine farmers.
- To determine the cost return and profitability ratio of swine production.
- To identify the major constraints faced by swine farmer.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Introduction
The first concept of value chain was from Porter (1985) who defined that a value chain is The basic tool for diagnosing competitive advantage and finding ways to enhance it is the value chain which divides a firm into the discrete activities it performs in designing, producing, marketing, distribution its products or we could understand that it is the sequence of activities which are required to bring a product or service from input to output following conception, through a lot of intermediaries of production phase, delivery to final consumers, and final disposal after use. According to Porter (1985), there are some primary activities of inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and service which are showed in Figure 1, called value chain model or the genetic of value. It also includes the support activities of the infrastructure of the firm, human resource management, technology development and procurement. In case of developing countries, Rich et al. (2011) recorded that value chain has played an important role in the livestock system. Agri-food networks including livestock provided the livelihood for the rural poor. Rich et al. (2011) also showed that the value chain of agri-food including livestock producers to consumers or purchasing point. Additionally, Trienekens (2011) debated that a network structure of the value chain has two dimensions, called vertical and horizontal. The vertical dimension refers to the flow of products or services from producers to final consumers. The horizontal dimension reflects the relationship between actors in the same value chain or supply chain. Moreover, Herold et al. (2010), Chau et al. (2017) and Wen and Phuong (2020) recorded that the value chain started from the input suppliers to consumers. The study was developed from these researches with the conceptual framework given The study was also proved the hypotheses as follow the hypotheses of Herold et al. (2010), Joseph et al. (2013), Ponguru and Kanna (2015), Chau et al. (2017), Zekarias et al. (2017) and Atsbaha and Lemma (2018).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine assessment of value chain information sources in pig production. Selected pig farmers in Edo and Delta State form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain assessment of values chain information sources in pig production in Edo and Delta state. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of assessment of values chain information sources in pig production in Edo and Delta state
Summary
This study was on assessment of values chain information sources in pig production in Edo and Delta state. Four objectives were raised which included: To identify the major socio-economic characteristics of swine farmers, to determine the cost return and profitability ratio of swine production and to identify the major constraints faced by swine farmer. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected farmers in Edo and Delta states. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The study revealed that pig production under the intensive management system is profitable and economically viable. It equally shows that feed is the most expensive resources when pigs are enclosed and are fed with commercial full concentrates. In view to increase production and profitability in pig enterprise, it is recommended that feed cost should be reduced through the process of substituting feed with locally available by-products like banana, maize residues, sugar cane residues, cassava, fish waste, over ripe fruits etc. Such diet may be supplemented with small quantities of protein concentrates.
Recommendation
There should be an enlightenment campaign to the neighbouring states through extension services and home economics programme to make people aware of the nutritional and economic advantage of eating pork. Better marketing channels should be utilized like local established supermarkets with facilities, transportation and personnel for marketing pork. Farmers should form cooperative societies especially in the rural areas and inter State trading should be encouraged. The mortality rate for piglets should be reduced through the use of farrowing crates so as to minimize accidental death of the piglets.
References
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