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Creating Connections, Building Bridges: Initiating a Paradigm Shift in Health Education and School Health Media in Delta State

Creating Connections, Building Bridges Initiating a Paradigm Shift in Health Education and School Health Media in Delta State

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Creating Connections, Building Bridges: Initiating a Paradigm Shift in Health Education and School Health Media in Delta State

CHAPTER ONE

Objectivesย ofย the Studyย 

The study aimed at assessing the initiating a paradigm shift in health education and school health media in secondaryย schoolsย inย Delta State.ย The specific objectivesย areย asย follows:

  1. Determine the difference in the perception of stakeholders towards the implementation of health education and school health media in secondary schools in Delta
  2. Ascertain whether or not studentsโ€˜ perceptions differ towards the implementation of health education and school health media in secondary schools in Delta State.
  3. Determine whether schoolsโ€˜ administrators differ in their perception towards the implementation of health education and school health media in secondary schools in Delta
  4. Determine the difference exists in the perception of teachers towards the implementation of health education and school health media in secondary schools in Delta

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

Conceptualย Frameworkย 

Several authors have proposed differentย ways of conceptualizing the waysย inย which systematic education evaluation should be conducted. Thus, education evaluatorsย have a variety of evaluation models to choose from when conducting their studies. Theย modelsย areย manyย andย canย beย groupedย intoย fourย asย follows:

  1. Goal attainment models
  2. Judgmental models emphasizing extrinsic
  3. Judgmental models emphasizing intrinsic criteria
  4. Decision-facilitation

However, for the purpose of this study, the relevant model is the context, input,ย process and product (CIPP) model, which falls under the Decision โ€” facilitation models.ย The CIPPย modelย is consideredย mostย appropriate because:

  1. It concerns with context. Context centres on planning, which helps to define the relevant environment and the formulation of relevantย ย This is relevant in assessing curriculum implementation, since the success of any curriculum implementation is tied to the environment created for its actualization.
  2. Input which is an important aspect or curriculum implementation is part of the Process evaluation is necessary for any on-going programme so as to determine its level of
  3. Product evaluation helps in examining the output of a programme, and the noticeable changes in the behavior of
  4. The CIPP model provides a general framework for this study which seeks to evaluate the environment for curriculum implementation (context) the resources- human and material (input) the actual conduct of implementation (process) and the effects of the curriculum in the learners (product).

The CIPP model originated by Brandi (2000) defines evaluation as the process of delineating, obtaining reporting and applying descriptive and process of delineating, obtaining reporting and applying descriptive and judgmental information about some objectโ€˜s merit, worth, probity and significance in order to guide decision making, accountability, disseminate effective practices and increase understanding of the phenomena involved. The model bas four types of evaluation as follows:

  1. Context evaluation
  2. Input evaluation
  3. Process evaluation
  4. Product evaluation

 

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCHย METHODOLOGY

ย In conducting any valid and reliable research, there are various strategies that canย be used to arrive at set of objective results. This chapter contains a description of theย methods that were used to conduct this research. Specifically, it contains a description ofย the research design, population of study, sample andย sampling procedure, instruments forย dataย collection,ย validityย of theย instrument,ย pilotย study,ย reliabilityย of theย instrument,ย procedureย forย dataย collectionย andย procedureย forย dataย analysis.

Researchย Designย 

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The researcher used the descriptive research design. This is due to the fact that the study involved an ongoing programme, desiring extensive study. Within the design, the survey method was used. The method allows for collection of information from large respondents within a limited time frame (Sambo, 2000; Best and Khan, 2007; and Schnieder and Smidts, 2010)

CHAPTERย FOUR

DATAย PRESENTATIONย ANDย DISCUSSIONย OFย RESULTS

ย Introduction

Thisย ย chapter ย presentsย ย the ย results ย of ย the ย data ย analysis ย of ย the ย work ย titled ย โ€•An assessment of the implementation of the Health education and school health media in public and private secondary schools in Delta state. This chapter is divided into four sections. Section one presents the bio data variable distribution analysis, section two answers the research questions, section three presents the results of the hypotheses tested and section four is on discussion. The concluding part of the chapter was on summary of the major findings. All hypotheses in this study were tested at 0.05 level of significance.

CHAPTERย FIVE

SUMMARY,ย CONCLUSIONย ANDย RECOMMFNDATIONS

Summary

Theย purpose of this study was toย assess theย implementation of Health education and school health mediaย inย public and private secondaryย in Delta.

Toย carryย outย thisย studyย fourย researchย questionsย areย raisedย fromย whichย fourย hypotheses are formulated. The major instrument used to collect relevant information forย thisย studyย wasย aย questionnaireย designedย andย validatedย for itsย faceย andย contentย validity.

Theย populationย ofย theย studyย comprisedย ofย schoolย administratorsย (principals),ย teachers and students of selected public and private secondary schools in Deltaย State. The population for the study was all the public and private junior schools in theย state,ย while the sample wasย 416ย whoย were givenย questionnaire toย fill.

The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency andย mean and standard deviation and chi-square statistics to test the hypotheses at 0.05 levelย ofย tolerance.ย Allย ofย theย fourย hypotheses testedย areย rejected.

Conclusion

From the findings of this study, the following conclusions are drawn that both public and private respondents believe that the curriculum is not being implemented as stipulated in the National Policy on Education. Poor implementation of the curriculum is perceived as the bane of good academic performance.

Health education and school health media implementation at secondary school level is not encouraged by the disposition of government towards the teaching of the subject. Inability of most teachers of physical and health education to adequately interpret the curriculum affects its implementation. Most teachers of physical and health education are not professionally prepared to teach the subject.

Recommendations

Basedย onย theย findingsย fromย thisย study,ย theย followingย recommendationsย wereย made:

  1. Since the result of the study shows that respondents from public and private secondary schools believe that the curriculum is not being implemented as stipulated in the National Policy on Education, the supervising ministry in the state (Ministry of Education) should mandate its inspectorate division to enforce
  2. Since poor implementation of the curriculum is perceived as the bane of goodacademic performance, efforts should made through the monitoring unit of theย Ministryย ofย Educationย thatย implementationย isย strictlyย adhered
  3. Government should endeavour to strengthen the Physical and Health EducationDivision of the Ministry in order to enhance the teaching of the subject at theย secondaryย schoolย levelย inย the state.
  4. The state Ministry of Education! Teaching Service Board should employ andassign qualified teachers to teach the subject to ensure that Physical Educationย teachersย are able toย adequatelyย interpretย the curriculum.
  5. The state Ministry of Education! Teaching Service Board should strive hard toemploy only professionally qualified teachers to handle the teaching of the subject at the secondary level in order to give students a good starting point in the subject.

Suggestionsย forย Furtherย Studiesย 

Theย studyย canย beย replicatedย inย otherย statesย inย theย Northย Central,ย Northย Westย geopoliticalย zoneย ofย Nigeria.

  1. Evaluation of infrastructural facilities on the implementation of health education and school health media in secondary schools in Zamfara
  2. Assessment of stakeholdersโ€˜ attitudes in the implementation of health education and school health media in secondary school in Jigawa

Contributionย toย Knowledge

Thisย studyย hasย contributedย toย knowledgeย byย theย following:

  • it has proved that uncertified PHE teachers or physical health education teachers cannot teach most aspect of health education and school health media
  • It also pointed out that most uncertified teachers have problem in regard to the implementation of health education and school health media in Secondary School in Delta

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