Design and Construction of a Paint Mixer
Chapter One
OBJECTIVE/MOTIVATION FOR THE PROJECT
The need to develop and empower the small scale industries with indigenous technology cannot be over emphasize the low level of technology in Nigeria has been a matter of great concern to the government and Nigerians. Unfortunately not much progress has been made in this regard; hence embarking on this project is aimed at fulfilling the following objectives
- To ease the production of paint
- To introduce a new product using indigenous technology which the consumer will find efficient and satisfactory.
- To serve as motivation for others to give themselves to technological innovations in the country
- To encourage government to invest largely in the area of mass production of the machine in order to save foreign exchange for the nation.
It is hoped that the above listed factors and many others which motivated the undertaking of this project would be fully or at least partially realized on the introduction of this work to the market.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
Mixing is an important operation in nearly all chemical process. Mixing involves the inter-mingling of two or more separate component to form a more or less uniform product. Some of the equipment normally used for blending liquids may on occasion mix solids or paste and vice versa.
There is significant difference between the two processes.
That is blending and mixing.
Liquid bending depends the creation of flow current, which transport unmixed material to the mixing zone adjacent to the impeller. In heavy duty pastes or masses at particular solid, no such current are possible and mixing is accomplished by other means. In consequence much more power is normally required in mixing paste and dry solids than in blending liquids.
A good mixer is one which produces the well-mixed product at the lowest overall cost.
TYPE OF MIXERS
Some equipment for paste, rubber, paint and heavy plastic masses is used when the material is too viscous or plastic to flow readily to the suction side of an impeller and flow current cannot be created. The material must be brought to the agitator or the agitator most visits all part of the mix.
The action in this machinery is described as a combination low-speed sheave, smearing, wiping folding, stretching and compressing to the mass of materials.
There are different types of mixer which include the cone and screw mixer named as Nanta mixer (J.H day Co), mobile mixer, utilizes an orbital action of a helical screw rotating on it arms, carry material upward, while reliving about the centre line of the con-shaped shell near the wall from top to bottom circulation.
Reversing the direction of the screw rotation aids the discharge of pasty material.
The little ford-loading mixer is one of the high speed mixers, it can be used for either batch or continuous mixing Maw shaped heads arranged on the horizontal. Shaft rotates at high-speed burling the materials through out the free space of the vessel. Additional intermixing and blending occurs as the impeller flow through the solid bed special high speed chapper (3600rpm) can be installed to break up clumps and liquid in corporation. The chapter also disperses fine particles throughout viscous material to provide a uniform suspension.
The single screw extruder is frequently used as a mixing device in the plastics industries stabilizers, color concentrates etc. May be compounded with granular raw polymer melted and extruded into pellets, sheet or rod.
The vietz-extractor has orifice plates and battles along the vessel, the rotor carries multiple blades with a forward pitch generating the head for extrusion through the orifice mate as wall as battering the material to break up agglomerates between the battles. Typical application includes wet granulation at pharmaceutical, blending colour in bar soap and mixing and extruding cellulose material.
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN CONSIDERATION
Judgment was base on our study from which we achieved desired result which include material selection and fabrication process.
MATERIAL SELECTION
The effectiveness, efficiency and performance of any engineering component or machines depends on the material for construction with regards to this, manufactures study different material so as to get the belt to use for manufacturing a particular component. Consideration is given to material that give the best result based on material that gives the result based on requirement such as:
- Service requirement
- Fabrication requirement
- Economic requirement
SERVICE REQUIREMENT
Service requirement of a material refers to the capabilities or properties of the material that enable them play the role for which they are meant, for some of such properties which the material should exhibit while in service are; hardness, strength, stiffness, toughness, strength to weight ration, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, resistance to high temperature and conductivity.
REFERENCE
- Charabarti N. (1976): Data book for Machine Designers, Nai Sarak Delhi pa Ghana Piblisher.
- Chermleusky, D.N (1984): Machine Design for Engineers, 3rd Edition peace Publisher U.S.A
- Day J.H et al (1989): Mixer Equipment Guide Second Edition New York
- Eugene A.A and Beaumeister T.M (1987):Marks standard Handbook company Pp3-54 hpp8-131
- George T.A (1984): Shreve’s Chemical Press Industries 5th Edition, McGraw Hill International pp 50-72.
- Khumi R.S and Gupta J,K (2005): A Textbook of machine Design 1st Multi coloured dition pp 509-552,726-756.
- Musa N.A (2006): Mechanics of machine Textbook, Auchi Polytechnic, Auchi
- William A.N (1986): strength of Material 2nd Edition Schamus Outline Series S.I (Metric) Edition McGraw Hill pp 23.