Statistical Analysis of Reported Cases of Breast Cancer in National Hospital Abuja
CHAPTER ONE
AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of this study is to analyze whether the rate of breast cancer is on the increase or decrease within a period of ten years.
The objectives of this research work are:
- To determine the trend movement of the disease.
- To forecast the trend of the disease.
- To determine if the proportion of survival is equal among the specified age groups.
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
BREAST CANCER DISEASE
Breast cancer is an uncontrolled growth of breast cells. Cancer occurs as a result of mutation or abnormal changes responsible for regulating the growth of the cell and keeping them healthy.
The gene are in each cell’s nucleus which act as the control room of each cell. Normally, the cell in our bodies replaces themselves through an orderly process of all cell growth. Healthy new cells takes over as the old ones die but over time mutation can turn certain genes and turns off others in the cell. This change in the cell gains the ability to keep dividing without control or order thereby producing more cells just like that and forming a tumor. Tumor can be benign (not dangerous to health) or malignant (has the potentials to be dangerous) benign tumor are not considered cancerous, their cells are close to normal in appearance, they grow slowly and they do not involve nearby tissue or spread to other part of the body but malignant tumor are cancerous, left uncontrolled or unchecked malignant cell eventually can spreadbeyond the original tumor to other part of the body. The term “Breast cancer” refers to a malignant tumor that has developed from cell in the breast. According to Henry (1993), he said “Breast cancer usually begins in the cell of the lobules which are the milk producing gland or the duct. The passage that drain the milk from the lobules to the nipples”. Subsequently, according to Cecilia (2004) “Breast cancer can develop as a result of abnormality “a mistake” in the genetic material”.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN/METHODOLOGY
SOURCE OF DATA
The data for this research work was collected from the record and statistics unit of the National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria.
METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION.
Documentary method of data was used for this research work. Documentary method means consulting past record to obtain information in National Hospital Abuja.
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION OF DATA
The data below is the sample of women with breast cancer recorded at the National Hospital Abuja from 2005-2014 in a tabular form.
CHAPTER FIVE
FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
FINDINGS
Based on the analysis carried out by the researcher, the following findings were made:
There is a downward movement, which implies that the number of breast cancer patients decreased, also in the year 2020, the expected rate of breast cancer will be 123 which indicates a decrease in the number of patients.
CONCLUSION
The analysis show that the rate of breast cancer in Abuja is decreasing gradually.
RECOMMENDATION
Based on the findings of this research work, the following recommendation was made by the researcher:
- Government should establish breast cancer unit in all general hospitals across the nation where screening and treatment of breast cancer can be offered at affordable rate to the public.
- Government should establish a body or programs that will enlighten and create awareness to women about the disease.
- Government should train more professional in this field that will handle breast cancer disease.
- Women should consult their doctor immediately in case of any abnormality, such as thickening of tissue, new lump (painful or not).
- Women should examine their breast regularly and see their doctor for self breast examination instruction.
REFERENCE
- Breast cancer journal (www.webmd.com).
- Cecilia, F.E. (2004) Maternal and child health published by Dr. John (Nigeria Publisher Limited).
- Henry, A.A. (1993) A to Z Community Health and Social Medicine. Published by 3:00am communication Nigeria.
- World cancer report (2008) international agency for research on cancer 2008.
