The Impact of I.c.t on Learning and Teaching in Secondary Schools in Edo State (a Case Study of Some Selected Secondary Schools in Etsako Central Local Government Area Edo State.)
CHAPTER ONE
Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to verify or find out:
- The extent to which computer is needed in planning and implementing educational programs
- The extent to which computer enhances the quality of education
- The usefulness of computer in school administration
- The problems associated with the use of computer by secondary school students
- The negative effect of computer usage in instruction and learning
- The academic impact of computer on secondary school students
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents literature related to the present study “The impact of ICT on secondary school Education in Edo State”. This review is organized and presented thus;
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Concept of ICT (Information Communication Technology)
According to Ogunsola (2005) ICT “is an electronic based system of information transmission, reception, processing and retrieval, which has drastically changed the way we think, the way we live and the environment in which we live”. It can be used to access global knowledge and communication with other people (Ogunsola, 2005).
The use of information and communication technology (ICT) is becoming an integral part of Education in many parts of the globe. Nigeria is not left behind as ICT gradually finds its ways to the Educational systems despite chronic limitations brought about by economic disadvantages. Fundamentally, education is a discipline like any other; it is a branch of human knowledge which is basically concerned with getting the young in the society prepared when they come of age.
Importance of ICT (Information Communication Technology)
The importance of ICT is quite evidence from the educational perspective. Though the chalkboard, textbooks, radio/television and film have been used for educational purpose over the years, none has quite impacted on the educational process like computer. While television and film impact only on the audio visual facilities of users, the computer is capable of activating the senses of sight, hearing and touch of the users. ICT has the capacity to provide higher interactive potential for users to develop their individual, intellectual and creative ability.
Various researchers have carried out research work to show the impact of ICT in learning.
THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
According to Gbamanja, (1989. p. 131), education is a process, which seeks to change the behavior of a learner. Overall, behaviorist view education as the process of changing the behavioral pattern of people. Behavior in his sense refers to the way we change the learner, his or her thinking, his or her feelings and his other overt actions ( Hergenhahn & Olson 1997).Thus education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its cultural heritage through schools, colleges, universities and other institution (Gbemanja 1989).
In other to achieve the above- mentioned purpose in education, information and communication technology (ICT) is an essential ingredient that could help bring these gains and benefits to the fore.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter comprises the procedures and methods by which this study is carried out, which include the following:
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research design used by a researcher is the survey method which is one of the best available research design used for obtaining useful relevant information. It is used especially as a means of data gathering and assessment. More so, the design of this study is a descriptive survey which tries to investigate an event in the natural setting without the researcher trying to manipulate the dependent and independent variables.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
The population of study in the three selected secondary schools is 8200 students and 304 teachers.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
The discussions in the preceding chapters have provided a basic point from which explanations about the impact of ICT on secondary schools in etsako central LGA may be concretized. In this chapter, the data collected from the investigations made were presented and analyzed using simple ration, simple table, and weighted mean and then t-test were used to test the null hypothesis. The data has been presented according to the research questions enunciated in chapter one. Some conclusions will be drawn from the analysis.
Item 1 revealed that computer helps in the storage of data such as school population that makes for effective implementation of educational program. It has a mean score of 3.04 which is above the cut-off mean of 2.5, therefore it is accepted.
Item 2 shows that Computer serves as an ICT tool which stores initial educational plans for reference purpose and future use. It has a mean score of 3.09 which is above the cut-off mean of 2.50 so it is therefore accepted.
Item 3 shows that computer facilitates educational program implementation process. It has a mean score of 3.15 which is above the cut-off mean of 2.50. Hence, it is accepted.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, IMPLICATIONS, LIMITATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDIES
SUMMARY
This study investigated the impact of information communication technology (ICT) on secondary school education in Edo State. The research centered on some selected schools within Etsako central Local Government Area of Edo State.
Six research questions were formulated to guide the research, one hundred questionnaires were designed and adopted to collect data and one hundred respondents were given the questionnaire.
Mean and standard deviation were used in the analysis of the data. The result of the findings showed that;
- The respondents identified five ways computer can help in planning and implementation of educational program.
- A total of five factors were identified that helped in enhancing the quality of education.
- A total of five factors were also identified as the usefulness of computer in school administration.
- Five problems associated with the use of computer were also identified by respondents.
- Five negative effects of computer usage were also identified by the respondents.
- The respondents also identified five academic impact of computer on secondary schools.
CONCLUSION
From the result obtained, the researcher concluded that computer, plays significant role in the educational development of Edo State. This is because computer makes for timeliness of information access and retrieval. With the use of computer, processing, management and storage of information can be easily carried out in our secondary schools. Computers also enable accuracy in information management. With the use of ICT tools, educational planning will be eased. Computer education will also help out teeming youth to be effectively empowered to face the challenges of today’s digital world. It will also help the State and the nation to realize its vision of technological advancement as well as meeting the goals of vision 202020. This is because education is the anchor upon which any meaningful development in any society rests.
IMPLICATIONS
The researcher highlighted some implications of the use of ICT tools in our secondary education. The introduction of computer in schools will help for effectiveness in planning and implementation of educational program. This will help in accelerating the growth of the educational sector as well as our dear States. ICT tools also will help to enhance the quality of teaching and learning in schools since internet, projectors and other hardware elements procure us with more acceptable educational interfaces. It also brings about effectiveness in school administration such that our school administrators and policy makers in the education facets will be empowered with requisite knowledge that will help to jumpstart the education sector. Equally, the few problems militating against computer usage in education can be solved by government’s proper censoring of the content of the internet.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Computer as had been noted helps in facilitating the educational development in society. If accurate, reliable and fast information must be obtained, computerization becomes a necessity. Based on the findings, the following are recommended.
- ICT professionals should be employed in the secondary schools in etsako central Local government Area so that they will conduct computer training to teachers and staff of the schools.
- Every school within etsako central Local government should be computerized.
- Computer systems should be installed in these schools as to enhance the quality of education and information management of the schools.
- In house training on the use of computer should be conducted for teaching staff of these schools.
- Standby generating set should be provided for these schools. This will help to simplify the problem of erratic power supply.
- Computer systems should be installed with relevant educational software that will help to simplify teaching and learning and make for effectiveness.
LIMITATIONS
The researcher was constrained by time and finance.
As a result, the research was concentrated on a few selected schools in etsako central Local Government Area. It took the researcher a great deal of energy, time and effort to get the relevant materials for the research work.
SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDIES
The researcher hereby recommended that other researchers may undertake such study especially in other parts of the State particularly in other Local Government Areas of Edo State so that generalized information can be gotten for further decision making.
Other topics also suggested for further studies are as follows
- Social implications of computer on secondary students
- Consequences of not computerizing the educational system
- The use of computer in teacher education
REFERENCES
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- Lunch M.N. (1984). Computer literacy survival kit for apple 11, New york, MC-Graw hill press.
- Microsoft Encarta encyclopedia 2005 1993-2004 Microsoft cooperation
- Ibezim, B.E. & Otuu, O.O. (2013). System Troubleshooting, a computer perspective, Onitsha, Osyora publishing company.
- Robyler, M.D. (2003). Integrating educational technology into teaching, New Jersey, Pearson publications.
- Wali, H.S. (2001). Information technology and the development of the northern states problem, prospect and plan of action (a paper delivered on 24th of April, 2011)