Comparing the Profitability of Catfish Farming to Maize Farming in a Hectare of Land in Lagos State, Nigeria. Ikorodu and Shagamu Lga of Lagos State as Case Study
CHAPTER ONE
Objective of the study
The objectives of the study are;
- To find out whether catfish farming is more profitable than maize farming in Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state
- To find out the socioeconomic factors of catfish farming in Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state
- To find out between catfish farming and maize farming which one is more challenging in Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
Our focus in this chapter is to critically examine relevant literature that would assist in explaining the research problem and furthermore recognize the efforts of scholars who had previously contributed immensely to similar research. The chapter intends to deepen the understanding of the study and close the perceived gaps.
AQUACULTURE
An understanding of the principles of operation of capture and culture fisheries helps to throw light on the definition of aquaculture. The expressions capture and culture fisheries are self-explanatory. In the former, one reaps the aquatic harvest without having to sow, whereas, in the latter, one has to sow the seed, nurse it, tend it, rear it and harvest it when it grows to marketable size.
Examples of capture fisheries are the natural fisheries of the seas, estuaries, rivers, lagoons, large lakes etc.
Culture fisheries are usually carried out in small water bodies which can be manipulated, pre-prepared for stocking; which are often manured and/or fertilized before, during and after stcking; and/or where fish are fed from extraneous sources.
Pen culture, cage culture, culture in running waters, in recirculating systems and in reconditioned water are special types of aquaculture.
All shades of intermediate stages between true capture and culture fisheries exist such as in man-made-lakes, which are stocked extraneously but where no manuring, fertilizing and feeding are generally done. Stocking is often done in large water-bodies such as lagoons and rivers where natural stocks have undergone ‘depletion’.
The principles of management of capture and culture fisheries are very different from each other. In the case of capture fisheries one has to attempt to harvest maximum sustainable yield by regulating fishing effort and mesh after taking into account parameters of population dynamics such as rates of recruitment, natural and fishing mortalities, fish growth and size at which recruitment occurs. Management of capture fisheries requires knowledge of the dynamics of the fish populations under exploitation. The extended exclusive economic zone of 200 miles brings into focus the national and international complexities of regulating the capture fisheries of the seas and the oceans and apportionment of the marine harvest because fish populations do not abide by man-made boundaries.
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain Comparing the profitability of Catfish farming to maize farming in a hectare of land in Lagos state, Nigeria
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of Comparing the profitability of Catfish farming to maize farming in a hectare of land in Lagos state, Nigeria
Summary
This study was on Comparing the profitability of Catfish farming to maize farming in a hectare of land in Lagos state, Nigeria. three objectives were raised which included: To find out whether catfish farming is more profitable than maize farming in Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state, to find out the socioeconomic factors of catfish farming in Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state and to find out between catfish farming and maize farming which one is more challenging in Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state. The study adopted a survey research design and conveniently enrolled 80 participants in the study. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from selected farmers from Ikorodu and shagamu LGA of Lagos state. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
Generally, the results from the sensitivity analysis shows both catfish production and maize can still be viable under 10% increase operational costs. However, catfish tends to be more viable and financially prudent than catfish production
Recommendation
Tilapia farming should be encouraged among those who are middle income earners and above. This is because, they are deemed as credit worthy by risk averse banks in Nigeria so as to be able to afford the initial investments cost.
Agricultural Development Bank and National Investment bank should give target loans with special incentives for investors in catfish production
Maize production should be encouraged among small-scale farmers and not tilapia production. They can get their protein needs by buying from the market tilapia or any other source of protein with the income they get from the maize production.
Government should make effort to encourage local producers of fish feed to assist in reducing the cost of feeding for tilapia production.
Government in collaboration with fertilizer companies should establish a Fertilizer Company in the country by making use of gas that is now produced by country to reduce the cost of fertilizer to small scale maize producers
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