Influence of Television Programmes Contribution to Football Development in Nigeria
Chapter One
Objectives of the Study
The general objective of this study is to examine the influence of television programmes and its contribution to football development in Nigeria, while the following specific objectives are to;
- find out the influence of television programmes on football development in Nigeria;
- examine the influence of television programmes on football promotions in Nigeria
- know the influence of television programmes on football financing in Nigeria
- examine the influence of television programmes on Nigeria performance in football.
CHAPTER TWO
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Sports and sports development
Although the term sports is clear as regards what it entails, a precise definition can be quite elusive. It is in this regard that Olajide describes sports as “a highly organized physical activity, regulated by accepted rules, which sometimes requires maximum physical and mental exertion” (2007: 13). In the same vein, Aminu and Tanglang refer to sports as “an activity or experience that gives enjoyment of recreation, past time diversion which requires rigorous bodily exertion and is carried on according to some traditional forms or set of rules, whether outdoor or indoor” (Cited in Olajide, 2007:13). Also Wikipedia defines sport as: “all forms of physical activity, which through casual or organized participation aim to use, maintain or improve physical fitness and provide entertainment to participants. Sport may be competitive, where a winner or winners can be identified by objective means and may require a degree of skill, especially at higher levels… Some non-physical activities, such as board games and card games are sometimes referred to as sports” (accessed on 2nd February, 2012). From the explanation by wikipedia, it is clear that some of our traditional sports which do not involve physical exertion, but provide entertainment, such as Ayo and Draughts are de-facto sports and there is the need to develop and promote them to international standards and recognition. It is obvious, from the foregoing that sports is a social activity involving interaction. This is why it is used to showcase the disposition of a particular country or group of people. Agbonlahor et al. (2009:88) realize this point and posit that, “sport is a reflection of society”. According to them, sports though encompasses and reflects negative aspects of society, such as violence, corruption, cheating, discrimination and drug abuse, the positive benefits outweigh them (88). The essence of sports development can therefore never be overemphasized. By development, is meant not just the improvement of facilities of one sport or the winning of more laurels in particular sporting activities. Development involves improvement of facilities, adoption of better policies that would enhance participants’ improvement in their chosen activities, creation of awareness and generation of interest in sports as well as diversification of focus to include other sports that have been neglected in order to improve them in all ramifications. It is pertinent to state here that evaluating sports development in Nigeria, using the above stated indices would reveal a lamentable indolence on the part of those saddled with the task of overseeing sports. Thus the task of sports development to international standards remains a pipe dream with only lip service being paid to it. Uyah (2009:2) traces the history of organized sports development in Nigeria to secondary school sports with the emergence of the Grier Cup and Hussey shield in 1933. According to him, nine sports associations existed by 1960. These were Cricket, Athletics, Football, Boxing, Tennis, Table Tennis, Swimming, Hockey and Netball (2-3). By 1962, the National Sports Commission was established to cater for all sports. Between then and now, the commission has undergone several changes including being merged with the ministry of sports and separate& with personnel being fired and reappointed at the convenience of government. This goes to show the importance government attaches to sports — depending on what government wants to use sports to achieve, Individuals and corporate bodies have also been involved through their sponsorship of many events. Even national teams usually get sponsored to international competitions. The annual African Football Awards that produce such stars as footballer of the year is sponsored by Globacom, a telecommunications company. Thus no event in sports that craves recognition goes without sponsorship. This testifies to the fact that sports occupy a significant place in the life of an individual, community and country. There is therefore the need for constant development, to add value in all spheres, ranging from finance to even the entertainment it provides. To realize an appropriate level of development, the relevant organs must be involved. These are individuals, corporate bodies, government as well as the mass media (and television in particular).
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we described the research procedure for this study. A research methodology is a research process adopted or employed to systematically and scientifically present the results of a study to the research audience viz. a vis, the study beneficiaries.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Research designs are perceived to be an overall strategy adopted by the researcher whereby different components of the study are integrated in a logical manner to effectively address a research problem. In this study, the researcher employed the survey research design. This is due to the nature of the study whereby the opinion and views of people are sampled. According to Singleton & Straits, (2009), Survey research can use quantitative research strategies (e.g., using questionnaires with numerically rated items), qualitative research strategies (e.g., using open-ended questions), or both strategies (i.e., mixed methods). As it is often used to describe and explore human behaviour, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research.
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
According to Udoyen (2019), a study population is a group of elements or individuals as the case may be, who share similar characteristics. These similar features can include location, gender, age, sex or specific interest. The emphasis on study population is that it constitutes of individuals or elements that are homogeneous in description.
This study was carried to examine Influence of television programmes contribution to football development in Nigeria. Staffs of NTA, Enugu form the population of the study.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the analysis of data derived through the questionnaire and key informant interview administered on the respondents in the study area. The analysis and interpretation were derived from the findings of the study. The data analysis depicts the simple frequency and percentage of the respondents as well as interpretation of the information gathered. A total of eighty (80) questionnaires were administered to respondents of which only seventy-seven (77) were returned and validated. This was due to irregular, incomplete and inappropriate responses to some questionnaire. For this study a total of 77 was validated for the analysis.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain influence of television programmes contribution to football development in Nigeria. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of television programmes contribution to football development in Nigeria
Summary
This study was on influence of television programmes contribution to football development in Nigeria. Four objectives were raised which included: find out the influence of television programmes on football development in Nigeria, examine the influence of television programmes on football promotions in Nigeria, know the influence of television programmes on football financing in Nigeria and examine the influence of television programmes on Nigeria performance in football. The study adopted a survey research design and conveniently enrolled 80 participants in the study. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from staffs of NTA, Enugu. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).
Conclusion
The foregoing has revealed that sports is a very important area of national life which the country should explore and develop for the benefit of the nation. It has also been established that there has been a serious neglect of the area and that part of the neglect is perpetrated by television which has not focused adequately on it. Television’s focus has, rather, been towards the further entrenchment of media imperialism whereby we are buffeted with sporting activities of foreign countries. We are therefore confronted with complete obscurity of our traditional sports some of which can be promoted to international levels. Based on the above findings the medium is being hereby charged with a new role. Television should focus more on sports and engender increased participation by government, corporate bodies and individuals
Recommendation
Nigerian television should endeavour to adequately broadcast our football league matches to show our own style of football to the world.
Other sports should be equally focused upon. In this regard, our traditional sports should be given adequate attention. This refers to the grassroots which must be integrated into the national sports scene.
For the purpose of creating awareness and generating more interest, television personnel concerned with sports should be given adequate training in sports to unable them carry out their analysis effectively. An armchair analyst who is unable to use appropriate terms or is ignorant of the rules can only engender alienation from such sports.
Television should engage in serious marketing to get corporate bodies and rich individuals to be interested in sponsorship, so that the medium can cover and broadcast different sporting activities.
References
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- Aminu, A.A. and Tanglang, N. (1998) “Politics and Sports Organization and Management in Africa”. Journal of Nigeria Academy of Sports Administration. Cited in
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